Aristotle - Essay 7 Essay Example for Free

Aristotle Essay 7 Essay One of the greatest thinkers of all time was Aristotle-322 BC, the Ancient Greek philosopher. He has practically influenced every area of present day thinking. His main focal points were the natural and social sciences. In Stagira, a town on the northwest coast of the Aegean Sea, in the year of 384 BC Aristotle was introduced to the world. He grew up a wealthy boy. His father was friends with the noble king of Macedonia, and as a young man he spent the majority of his time at the Macedonian court. At the age of seventeen, he was sent away to study in Athens. It was there that he transformed to a disciple of Plato. Over time, Aristotle became the mind of the school. Later in his life, he followed his mentor and became a teacher in a school on the coast of Asia minor. Aristotle was the professor of young prince Alexander, who went on to become the ruler Alexander the Great. Aristotle was the first known person to make major advances in the fields of logic, physical works( such as physics, meteorologists, etc .) ,  psychological works, and natural history( modern day biology). His most famous studies are in the field of philosophical works. His studies play an important role in the early history of chemistry. Aristotle was the first person to propose the idea of atoms matter and other grand ideas. Aristotle made the first major advances in the field of philosophy of nature. He saw the universe as lying between two scales: form without matter and is at one end and matter without form is at the other end. One the most important aspetc  s of Aristotles philosophy was the development of potentiality to actuality. That can be explained as something possibility in terms of its accuracy. The actual state compare to the potential state is demonstrated in terms of the causes which act on things. The four causes include material cause, efficient cause, formal cause, and final cause. First the material cause is also defined as the elements out of which matter is created. The way in which matter is created is known as efficient cause. Formal cause is called  the expression of what the material actually is . The last cause, appropriately named final cause, is for the end of the substance. An example, actual compared to potential, can be as simple as bronze statue. The material cause is plainly the bronze. Its efficient cause is the sculptor . The formal cause is the idea of the statue, as the sculptor envisions it . The final cause is the perfetc  ion of the statue . These four  stages of creation through termination exist throughout nature. Aristotles vision of early chemistry created a strong foundation for the chemists of today. Works Cited Aristotle (Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy). (Online) Available http://utm.edu/research/iep/a/aristotl/htm Aristotles Page. (Online) Available http://eng.ox.ac.uk/jdr/aristo/html Comptons Interactive Encyclopedia. 1995 Comptons NewMedia, Inc.

Humans Effect on Nature in the 20th Century Essay -- Essays Papers

Humans Effect on Nature in the 20th Century Nuclear Waste With the dawn of the nuclear age in the early 1900’s, came a problem that became a force to be reckoned with. Its name is nuclear waste. This is yet another harmful side effect brought on by man’s drive to find the cheapest and most powerful source of energy technology has to offer. Nuclear waste, ranging from harmful radiation caused by nuclear meltdown to unused military weaponry, has been a serious issue in the past few decades, and is a perfect example of humans effect on nature. Many would argue that the history of nuclear energy and nuclear waste began in 1898 when Marie Curie discovered two radioactive elements; polonium and radium.1 The nuclear scene was relatively quiet until 1838, when a German scientist, Otto Hahn was successful in demonstrating nuclear fission.2 This set off an alert that reached the ears of Theodore Roosevelt, who was President of the United States at the time. With the threat of Germany making a nuclear bomb, the nuclear race was on. The Manhattan Project was launched in an effort to secretly build a nuclear bomb before the Germans. The most commonly known events in nuclear waste history were the near catastrophic meltdowns at Three Mile Island nuclear power plant in Pennsylvania, and Chernobyl power plant in The Soviet Union. Radiation leakage was minimal at Three Mile Island, however, Chernobyl experienced the release of massive quantities of radioactive materials accompanied by a dangerous fire.3 People from all nations came in contact with radioactive particles which the wind blew around the Earth. These two events sparked nuclear awareness by the general public as well as governmental programs that... ...only aid in cleaning up and preventing nuclear waste, but also to inform and educate the public. Until more effective methods of nuclear waste management are devised, the energy hungry U.S. will have to put up with the environmental parasite it has created. Notes 1. "Curie, Marie" Funk and Wagnalls 27 Mar. 1999 2. "Hahn, Otto" Funk and Wagnalls 3. Meshkati, "Chernobyl" 27 March, 1999 4. Konrad B. Kauskopf, Radioactive Waste Disposal and Geology (London: Chapman and Hall, 1988) 10-11 5. "mixed waste" 28 March, 1999 6. "mixed waste" 28 March, 1999 7. "Yucca Mountain Homepage" 28 March, 1999

The History Of The Refrigerator

Before refrigerators were produced, people were forced to cool their food with ice, snow,  or nearby rivers and springs. Most people also had to can, salt, and pickle their food to preserve  their meals. During these times, inventors were working towards the creation of the refrigerator.In 1758, Benjamin Franklin experimented with the effects of evaporation on temperature. With  the help from chemist John Hadley, both men were able to find a way to drop thermometers temperature below freezing. Franklin and Hadley’s work was soon picked up by the American  inventor, Oliver Evans.Using principles drew up by Franklin; Evans drew the design for a  refrigerator in 1805. Jacob Perkins modified Evan’s design and built the first practical  refrigerating machine in 1834. Soon after, John Gorrie used Evan’s design to build a refrigerator  to make ice to cool the air for his yellow fever patients in 1844.Over 30 years later German  engineer Carl Von Linde di scovered the process of liquefying gas which is part of basic  refrigeration technology. From the 1800s until the 1920s, refrigerators used  toxic gases as  refrigerants. With research developed, corporations discovered a less dangerous refrigerant  called Freon. Freon soon became the standard for almost all home kitchens.  Carl Von Linde was born in 1842 and was the son of a Lutheran minister.He studied  science and engineering at the Federal Polytechnic in Zurich, Switzerland. His research led to the  development of the first compressed-ammonia refrigerator. In 1917, Linde formed the Union  Carbide and Carbon Corporation.On January 1, 1913, the first electric refrigerator in the United States was invented by  Fred W. Wolf. The refrigerator was an air-cooled refrigeration unit mounted on top of an ice box  and was called the Domelre. Exactly two years after the Domelre was created, the first self-container refrigerator was built by the Guardian Refrigerator Comp any.The company struggled  and produced less than 40 appliances in two years. The company was purchased by General  Motors and the business was renamed Frigidaire. In 1918, the first Frigidaire refrigerator was  produced. There were more than 200 different refrigerators on the market by 1920. Ice cream  cabinets were added to models in 1923, soda fountain equipment in 1924, and water and milk  coolers in 1927.One million refrigerators were produced by 1929. In 1947, GE was the first  company to introduce the two-door refrigerator-freezer combination. By 2005, 99.5 percent of  homes had refrigerators.  The refrigerator has changed the world in many ways. We are now able to preserve our  Foods such as fruits and vegetables for longer periods of time and beverages are now able to be  kept cool. Without refrigeration, medicines and vaccinations would not have been able to be  developed. Refrigeration is also used for air conditioning in homes, public places and lar ge  warehouses.Even those beautiful Valentine’s Day roses would not be able to be delivered  without refrigeration. Just imagine school without air conditioning, everyone would smell  horrible from sweating all day. Everyone’s favorite ice creams would not have been created  without the freezer. Long car rides would be dreadful without an air conditioner.Refrigerators use refrigerants to carry heat away from the inside of the fridge. This is  done by injecting the refrigerants into a tube inside the refrigerator in liquid form and it slowly  begins to vaporize. Taking heat away makes the temperature cooler. When the liquid is done  vaporizing, it travels to a coil on the outside of the fridge where it releases heat and becomes a  liquid again. The process starts over again.After researching the history of the refrigerator, I have learned how much it has impacted  the world and how much people take it for granted. I would have never been able to enjoy my  favorite ice creams or drinks if it was not for the refrigerator. I would not be able to preserve my  favorite foods or keep my fruits and veggies fresh.My favorite Eleven slushies would not even  exist. Some people do not take the time to realize the importance of the refrigerator and how  much of a difference it has made in America.

Essay on Censorship - To Censor Literature is to Censor Life

To Censor Literature is to Censor Life All that mankind has done, thought, gained or been: it is lying as in magic preservation in the pages of books. They are the chosen possession of men. Thomas Carlyle spoke these words in the early 19th century. Two hundred years later, it seems we still do not understand the breadth and magnificence of the written word. Americans have forgotten the magical experiences that can be found in the pages of books. Instead of respecting the chosen possession of men, they wield it as a tool to achieve their own ends. If we lose our respect for knowledge, we lose our respect for ourselves; indeed, as Milton so eloquently wrote, As good almost kill a man as kill a good book†¦show more content†¦These are core arguments offered by a majority of the pro-censorship population. The first, and perhaps most widely argued, is the issue of language, specifically, profanity in childrens literature. Many people argue that curse words have no place in books, and exposing children to suc h inappropriate language will contaminate them. Proponents of censorship also object to plot lines in childrens books that deal with confusion and uncertainty; they do not think books should address issues of morality or the meaning of life. They feel that children are not equipped to deal with these issues or, if they are, then their sole guidance should be parents and other authority figures. Finally, some groups object to exposing children to literature at all because they feel that it encourages the child to live in a fantasy world. They believe that imagination is dangerous and must be tightly reigned. Profanity in childrens literature has remained, throughout time, the most popular and easily exploitable target for censors; it seems these particular coals are always simmering in the agenda of some special interest group, be it the Christian Coalition or the local PTA. The theory generally goes that childrens minds are too impressionable to be exposedShow MoreRelatedPosition Paper: Censorship1391 Words   |  6 Pages Every structured society has suffered from some form of censorship of literature, art, or entertainment. Plato, the famous the famous Greek philosopher, was the first to record a method of censorship in a democratic society. In his Republic one of the first guidelines Plato designates is that The first thing will be to establish a censorship of the writers of fiction, and let the censors receive any tale of fiction which is good, and reject the bad; and we will desire mothers and nurses to tellRead MoreEssay on Censorship Within the United States510 Words   |  3 PagesCensorship Within the United States Censorship within the United States is not only an immoral and big-brotherly practice, but also an insult to each and every one of those who call themselves US citizens. Every day, censors attempt to sanitize TV, radio, music, print, and even the Internet. In their infinite wisdom, they deem what should and should not be viewed by John Q. Public. Censors succeed in suppressing our free spirits and restraining our thoughts in virtually every medium. Read MoreArguments Made in Take the Tortillas Out of Your Poetry Essay1228 Words   |  5 PagesTake The Tortillas Out Of Your Poetry Even though the cultural and veiled censorships have to do with why they wont let his book be read, he talks about why he wrote the novel, that it was a reflection of his childhood, and that censors only paid attention to one detail and that was the so-called bad words in Spanish and they used that as an excuse because the novel did not meet the criteria of the circumstances. The censors used a technique where they zoomed in on one detail of the novel and madeRead More Censorship in the Classroom Essay2774 Words   |  12 Pagesthree: a work of literature is often considered controversial because of its statement about or use of these topics. What makes these and other areas so touchy in the classroom? Why do some parents and concerned community members want controversial materials out of the classroom? In this look at the language of censorship, we must first define censorship, who does the censoring, and why. These will be the first three spotlights for looking at the language of censorship. Then, we will lookRead MoreCensorship and Material Selection Policies Essay863 Words   |  4 Pagesthought about and brought to life by a few simple scratches on a page. Some people want to suppress the writings of geniuses just because of an image, idea, or phrase on the grounds that they are morally objectionable by the standards applied by a censor. It has been like this for ages. As long as someone has something to tell, another will be there to try and prevent them. Schools have been doing this for quite a while now and there is a need to stop it. Censorship of books in schools should notRead More The Censors, by Luisa Valenzuela856 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The Censors† by Luisa Valenzuela The short story â€Å"The Censors† by Luisa Valenzuela is set in Argentina during the dictatorship of Jorge Videla who reigned from 1976 to 1983. Juan, the protagonist of the text, starts the story by writing a letter to his old friend, Mariana, at her new residence in Paris. He had received Mariana’s new address from a confidential source and was too excited to think of his actions before writing and sending the letter. Later, Juan’s â€Å"mind [was] off his job duringRead More Censorship in Schools Essay3746 Words   |  15 PagesCensorship in Schools There has recently been a renewed interest and passion in the issue of censorship. In the realm of the censorship of books in schools alone, several hundred cases have surfaced each year for nearly the past decade. Controversies over which books to include in the high school English curriculum present a clash of values between teachers, school systems, and parents over what is appropriate for and meaningful to students. It is important to strike a balance between EnglishRead More Stop Literary Censorship Essay1566 Words   |  7 PagesStop Literary Censorship      Ã‚  Ã‚   Censorship is becoming more and more common all over the world today. The online Encarta Encyclopedia defines censorship as, supervision and control of the information and ideas that are circulated among the people within a society. In modern times, censorship refers to the examination of books...for the purpose of altering or suppressing parts thought to be objectionable or offensive. Henry Reichman from the Education World website defines it as, theRead More The Dangers of Censorship in High School Essay2591 Words   |  11 PagesThe Dangers of Censorship in High School Every day well meaning parents, concerned members of society, and Christian activist groups across the country fight to censor the literature that is being taught in high school classrooms. The word censorship carries all types of implications and angles; it involve s a denial of an authors right to guaranteed freedoms of expression. However, as it relates to education, this issue goes a great deal deeper than the standard First Amendment argument. InRead MoreEssay on Brown Vs. Board of Education1458 Words   |  6 Pages Congress shall make no law...abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press (U.S. Constitution). Throughout the ages, censorship has shown up in various forms ranging from printed works to television and the Internet. It can have the positive effect of protecting children from things they are too immature to view, but it can also have negative effects. Censorship may even suppress new and different ideas, keeping them from being made public. It may also set limit ations, which stifle the creativity